Variables and Math | Python Fiddle

#	variables need to be defined, i.e assisgned a value, before they can be used.

#------------------------Variable Type Change During Math----------------------------------
# 	2 is and examples of an integer while 2.0 is an example of a float 
# 	2/2 will give an interger as the result
# 	2.0/2 will give a float as the result

#------------------------Special Operators--------------------------------------------------
#	the operator % gives the remainder of a divison. For example 3%2 = 1.
#	the operator // gives a floor division. For example 7//2 = 3.
#	the operator ** gives the power of a number. For example 2**3 = 8

#------------------------Imanginary Numbers------------------------------------------------- 
# the letter j after a number denotes it as imaginary

print "Imaginary numbers"      
print 2 + 3j + 1 + 4j

#------------------------Strings-------------------------------------------------------------
#	single and double quotes give the same result
#	the print command removes the enclosing quotes
print 'single quotes'
print "double quotes"

# 	the backslash character is used to escape single and double quotes 
print 'doesn\'t', "\"yes\""		#use \' to escape the single quote and double quote. 
print "doesn't", '"yes"'		#use double quotes to escape single quotes vice vesra

#RAW STRINGS 
#	r before quotes will print the raw text within the quotes 
print r'C:\some\name'

#\n means a new line when the r is not used before the quotes
print 'C:\some\name'

#TRIPPLE QUOTES = spans multiple lines. The new line character is automatically included

print("""This is using triple quotes and the new line
			is automaticalled added """)

print("""Use the backslash to remove the new line\
			when using tiriple quotes""")

#INDEXING AND CONCATENATING
#	with indexing, the first character is at position 0
#	the indexed positions are READ ONLY

myname = 'johndoe' 
print myname[3]		#indexed at the 4th character
print myname[-1]	#indexed at the last character
	
print myname[0:3]				#returns the first to the 3 character
print myname[:3]				#returns up to the third character 
print myname[3:]				#returns from the thrd to the last character
print myname[:3] + myname[3:]	#concatenation

hername = 'JOA'+myname[3:]		#concatenation example 2
print hername

#LENGTH OF A STRING 
print len(hername)				#the function len() returns the lenght of a string

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